Using GBC algorithm to optimize support Vector machine parameters for predicting the relationship between Cancer and Cardiac Infarction: a case study

Introduction: Awareness of cancer increases the probability of neurotic disorders and stress in the patient. Also, stress increases the risk of myocardial infarction. The present study aimed to determine the probability of a heart attack in cancer patients based on the GBC algorithm

Method: In this study, data were collected from the database of Shahid Sadoughi subspecialty hospital in Yazd. The medical records of 1679 patients with heart attack were studied, of which 81 ones belonged to patients with cancer. In the process of selecting features by the proposed model, if cancer is identified as an effective feature, then the relationship between cancer and cardiac infarction will be meaningful

Results: Using the proposed model, the cancer feature was selected to predict the probability of heart attack, which indicated a significant relationship between these two characteristics in patients who were vulnerable to cardiac disease. The predictive accuracy of the proposed model was 0.91Conclusion: By choosing the cancer feature, the proposed model compared to other models has the least error rate and the most accuracy in predicting myocardial infarction. Naive bias method has maximum error rate and minimum accuracy. The simulation results indicate that in patients who are vulnerable to cardiac disease, after being diagnosed with cancer during the early months, heart attack is possible

Ocular abnormalities in multi‑transfused beta‑thalassemia patients.

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess ocular changes in thalassemia patients who have received multiple transfusions and chelate binding therapy in order to avoid iron accumulation. Settings and Design: A cross‑sectional study. Subjects and Methods: A total of 54 thalassemia major patients were selected as case group, and 54 age‑ and sex‑matched healthy subjects were regarded as a control group. Ocular examination included visual acuity, refraction testing, slit lamp examination, funduscopy, tonometry, perimetry, tear break‑up time test, and color vision testing were performed for all the participants. We computed the frequency and duration of blood transfusion, the mean serum ferritin level, pretransfusion hemoglobin concentration, and type, duration, and daily dose of chelation therapy for thalassemia patients based on their records. Statistical Analysis Used: All data analysis was performed using SPSS, version 19. Results: All the thalassemic patients were asymptomatic, but abnormal ocular findings (dry eye (33.3%), cataract (10.2%), retinal pigment epithelium degeneration (16.7%), color vision deficiency (3.7%), and visual field defects (33.7%)) were seen in 68.5% of thalassemic group. The prevalence of ocular abnormalities in normal group was 19.4%, which was significantly lower than that in thalassemia patients (P = 0.000). No significant correlation was found between ocular abnormalities and mean serum ferritin level (P = 0.627) and mean hemoglobin concentration (P = 0.143). Correlation of number of blood transfusion with the presence of ocular abnormalities was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.005). Conclusions: As life expectancy for beta‑thalassemia patients extends, regular ophthalmological evaluation to detect early changes in their ocular system is recommended.

Is the polymorphism at position -1082 of IL-10 gene associated with visceral leishmaniasis?

Immune responses play critical roles in the leishmaniasis eradication. IL-10 is a key regulator of immune responses, and the polymorphisms within its promoter region are associated with alteration in its expression. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the correlation between polymorphism at the -1082 position of the IL-10 gene and visceral leishmaniasis [VL]. The IL-10 -1082 polymorphism and anti-Leishmania antibody titration were examined in 110 patients with clinical presentation of VL and seropositive for the Leishmania [group 1], 74 seropositive patients but without clinical presentation [group 2] and 113 healthy controls [group 3] using the PCR-RFLP and immunofluorescence techniques, respectively. The polymorphism at IL-10 -1082 [A/G] position was significantly associated with VL and A/G genotype was significantly higher in VL patients when compared to the groups 2 and 3 [P< 0.001]. However, the results demonstrated that the A and G alleles were not associated with VL [P= 0.263]. Previous investigations have shown that the polymorphism at the -1082 position of the IL-10 gene can influence its expression and also it has been proved that IL-10 level was increased during VL. Our results suggest that the A/G genotype may be considered as a risk factor for VL

MiR-143 induces expression of AIM2 and ASC in jurkat cell line

Absent in Melanoma 2 [AIM2] is an intracellular microbial dsDNA sensor which plays an important role in production of proinflammatory cytokines through Apoptosis associated Speck-like protein containing a Caspase activation and recruitment domain [ASC] and Caspase-1. Micro-RNAs [miRNAs] play important roles in regulation of immune related genes. However, there is little information regarding the effects of miRNAs on the AIM2 and ASC expression. To determine the mRNA levels of AIM2 and ASC in Jurkat cell line following introducing miRNA-143 [MiR-143]. MiR-143, a scrambled sequence and PBS were introduced separately, to the Jurkat cell lines and the mRNA levels of AIM2 and ASC were examined in parallel with beta-actin and GAPDH [as housekeeping genes] using Real-Time PCR technique. The mRNA levels of AIM2 and ASC were significantly increased in the MiR-143 transfected Jurkat cells when compared to the scrambled sequence or PBS treated cells. MiR-143 can lead to increased expression of AIM2 and ASC mRNAs. Considering the significance of AIM2 and ASC in DNA sensing and inflammosome formation, it can be considered as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of chronic infectious diseases, especially viral infections

[ evaluation of oral hygiene instruction in reduction of plaque index]

The main etiologic factor for periodontal disease is bacterial plaque elimination of the plaque by plaque control procedures, is one of the main treatment modalities of periodontal disease. In this respect, the most important problem in plaque control is oral hygiene instruction. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of oral hygiene instructions in periodontics department of Tabriz dental faculty on reduction of plaque index from 1999-2001 in admitted patients. The charts of 161 patients were studied randomly and the information about variables such as age, occupation, sex of educator and level of educator's knowledge were registered. Then the information were statistically analyzed, using SPSS program. In accordance with other studies, oral hygiene instruction caused significant reduction in plaque index. In addition, reduction of plaque index was greater in females than in males but there was not a significant relationship between reduction of plaque index and age, occupation and level of educator's knowledge. There was a significant relationship between plaque reduction and sex of educator and patient. The reduction of plaque index in females when the student was male was 45% and 38% when the educator was female. The reduction of plaque index in male patients when the educator was male, was 40% and 34% when the educator was female. It seems that instructions taught for dental students in motivating the patients to maintain therapy and perform oral hygiene were inefficient and a change in oral hygiene instructions is recommended